<jumbotron>

===== Franck Michel =====
[[http://www.univ-cotedazur.fr|Université Côte d’Azur]], [[https://www.cnrs.fr/|CNRS]], [[https://www.inria.fr/|Inria]].

{{:franckmichel2_600.jpg?nolink&130 | }}

Member of [[http://www.i3s.unice.fr/|I3S]] laboratory, and [[https://www.inria.fr/|Inria]]'s [[https://team.inria.fr/wimmics/|Wimmics]] team.

#KnowledgeGraph #RDF #GraphRAG
#OpenScience #OpenData #FAIR
#AttentionEconomy #Biodiversity
</jumbotron>

===== Research activities =====

<panel type="default" title="Knowledge Graphs, Integration of Heterogeneous Data" icon="fa fa-house">

My research deals with the integration of heterogeneous data based on a knowledge engineering approach and the construction of Knowledge Graphs. The goal is to overcome data structural and semantic heterogeneity in order to reconcile large, distributed data sets, and to publish them on the web.

With the arisal of Large Language Models (LLM), I’m involved in new questions such as: How to “speak to the data” by translating natural language questions into SPARQL queries (text-to-SPARQL)? How to enrich existing knowledge bases by extracting knowledge graphs from text?
</panel>


<panel type="default" title="Open Science" icon="fa fa-house">
Relatedly, I actively participate in promoting the adoption of the [[https://www.unesco.org/en/open-science|Open Science]] practices, meant to spread the methods, results and products of scientific research, through the open access publishing, open data and the [[https://www.go-fair.org/fair-principles/|FAIR]] principles, and open source software.
</panel>

<panel type="default" title="Regulation of the Attention Economy" icon="fa fa-house">
I’m conducting a research about regulating the Attention Economy, that is, the generalization of attention-capturing techniques by online platforms. Leveraging addictive design, cognitive biases and emotions, these platforms yield multiple detrimental side effects on human societies, such as causing public health issues, polarizing opinions, spreading false information, and threatening economies and democracies.
</panel>

<panel type="default" title="Research projects and communities " icon="fa fa-house">
Here are some projects I am or was involved in:
  * [[https://www.metabolinkai.net/|MetaboLinkAI]] (ANR): transforming metabolomics data into actionable insights through AI-powered, knowledge graph-driven solutions
  * [[https://issa.cirad.fr/|ISSA]] (Collex-Persée): Semantic Indexing of a Scientific archive and Associated Services
  * [[http://www.d2kab.org/|D2KAB]] (ANR): From Data to Knowledge in Agronomy, Agriculture and Biodiversity
  * [[https://anr.fr/Projet-ANR-19-CE23-0014|DeKaloG]] (ANR): Decentralized Knowledge Graphs
  * [[https://github.com/frmichel/sparql-micro-service|SPARQL micro-services]]
  * [[https://github.com/frmichel/taxref-ld/|TAXREF-LD]]: the French Linked Data Taxonomic Registry
  * [[http://fr.dbpedia.org/|DBpedia French chapter]]
  * [[https://github.com/Wimmics/CovidOnTheWeb|Covid on the Web]]

Here are the community projects I'm currently involved in:
  * [[https://cost-dkg.eu/|COST GOBLIN]]: COST action Global Open Knowledge Base Linking and Integration
  * [[https://cost-dkg.eu/|COST DKG]]: COST action Distributed Knowledge Graphs
  * [[https://www.w3.org/community/kg-construct/|Knowledge Graph Construction W3C Community Group]]
  * [[https://bioschemas.org/|Bioschemas]]: Schema.org for Life Sciences
</panel>

===== Publications =====

{{url>https://haltools.inria.fr/Public/afficheRequetePubli.php?idHal=fmichel&CB_auteur=oui&CB_titre=oui&CB_article=oui&CB_vignette=oui&langue=Anglais&tri_exp=annee_publi&tri_exp2=typdoc&ordre_aff=TA&Fen=Aff&css=../css/styles_publicationsHAL.css%20100%,400px%20noborder}}

Complete list of publications and communications: [[https://cv.archives-ouvertes.fr/fmichel/|HAL CV]].

Also find me on [[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Franck_Michel3|ReasearchGate]].

===== Contact =====

**Address**:\\  Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Inria - I3S, UMR 7271\\  930 route des Colles - Bât. Les Templiers\\  BP 145 - 06903 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - France

**Email**: franck [dot] michel [at] inria [dot] fr\\

**Find me on**:
[[https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Franck_Michel3|ResearchGate]], [[https://github.com/frmichel|Github]], [[https://www.linkedin.com/in/franck-michel-b3064b1a/|LinkedIn]], [[https://twitter.com/franck_michel2|Twitter]], [[https://www.slideshare.net/FranckMichel|SlideShare]], [[https://flickr.com/photos/franckmichel/|Flickr]], [[https://instagram.com/franck.michel.photo/|Instagram]]


===== Selected talks =====

=== Pay Attention: A Call to Regulate the Attention Market & Prevent Algorithmic Emotional Governance ===
Fabien Gandon, Franck Michel. Interview for [[https://www.creativeprocess.info/|The Creative Process]], Feb. 2025.

[[https://open.spotify.com/episode/3crtsuU4gftljWoUoyArE5|Listen on Spotify]]

[[https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/pay-attention-a-call-to-regulate-the-attention/id1488924067?i=1000688524581|Listen on Apple Podcast]]

{{url>https://www.creativeprocess.info/interviews22/pay-attention-mia-funk 700,200}}

\\
===   Recherche, exploration et bibliométrie dans une archive scientifique ouverte ===

Given 2024-09-10.

{{url>https://www.youtube.com/embed/z9buDBCFgho?si=JJ1lDuxEyJi-7dbY 200,150 noscroll YouTube player}}


\\
===  Open Science, reproducible research, and the citation of articles, code and data alike ===

Given 2024-04-04.

{{url>https://www.youtube.com/embed/MqlEqaBXUyY 200,150 noscroll YouTube player}}


\\
=== ISSA: Generic Knowledge Model and Visualization tools to Help Scientists Make Sense of Archive ===

Wimmics Monthly Seminar 2022-12-15 / ISWC 2022 resource track replay

{{url>https://www.youtube.com/embed/mbgz58rP-ps 200,150 noscroll |YouTube player}}


\\
=== Covid-on-the-Web: Knowledge Graph and Services to Advance COVID-19 Research ===

Presented at the ISWC 2020 conference, resource track.

{{url>https://www.youtube.com/embed/kZAtxFpm6N0 200,150 noscroll |YouTube player}}


\\
=== Bioschemas: Marking up biodiversity websites for data discovery & integration ===

TDWG webinar series, 2021-03.

{{url>https://www.youtube.com/embed/2GZ-YtUjzJM 200,150 noscroll |YouTube player}}


\\
=== Integration of biodiversity data from web pages to knowledge graphs, a computer scientist view point ===

DIADE research unit seminars (http://diade.ird.fr), 2021-04-13.

{{url>https://www.youtube.com/embed/0InzhhZ6T5k 200,150 noscroll |YouTube player}}

===== Open Datasets Creation and publication =====

=== Open data is one of the three pillars of Open Science. It enables transparency, collaboration and innovation by applying the FAIR principles, ensuring data is Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. ===

Below are some of the open datasets I have participated in creating and/or publishing.


**ISSA Agritrop Dataset**, Semantic index of the Agritrop open scientific archive.
[[https://github.com/issa-project/issa-pipeline|github]] [[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10381606|DOI]]

**TAXREF-LD**, Linked Data knowledge graph of the French taxonomic register. 2017-2024. [[https://github.com/frmichel/taxref-ld/|github]] [[http://taxref.mnhn.fr/sparql|sparql]] [[https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01617708|article]] [[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5876775|DOI]]

**Covid-on-the-Web**. Knowledge graph produced by processing the scholarly articles of the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). 2020. [[https://github.com/Wimmics/CovidOnTheWeb|github]] [[https://covidontheweb.inria.fr/sparql|sparql]] [[https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02939363|article]] [[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4247134|DOI]].

**WASABI RDF Knowledge Graph**. 
An RDF representation of the WASABI corpus of songs enriched with metadata extracted from music databases on the Web, and resulting from the processing of song lyrics and from audio analysis. 2020. [[https://github.com/micbuffa/WasabiDataset|github]] [[http://wasabi.inria.fr/sparql|sparql]] [[https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03282619/|article]] [[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5603369|DOI]]

**WeKG-MF**, Weather Knowledge Graph of Météo France Meteorological Observations. 2022. [[https://github.com/Wimmics/weather-kg|github]] [[http://weakg.i3s.unice.fr/sparql|sparql]] [[https://hal.inria.fr/hal-03619869/|article]] [[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5925413|DOI]]

**WheatGenomicsSLKG**, Wheat Genomics Scientific Literature Knowledge Graph. 2023. [[https://github.com/Wimmics/WheatGenomicsSLKG|github]] [[http://weakg.i3s.unice.fr/sparql|sparql]] [[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10410742|DOI]]

**Wheat Observations Knowledge Graph**. Soft wheat phenotype observations data including the result of observation campaigns carried out on micro-parcels located in France between 1999 and 2015. Relies on the Plant Phenotype Experiment Ontology (PPEO) and the CO_321 Wheat Crop Ontology. 2024. [[https://doi.org/10.57745/FSWNRS|DOI]]

**Number of public photos uploaded to Flickr from 2004 to 2021**. This dataset reports the number of photos uploaded to Flickr every day, hour by hour (CET) from 2004 to 2021. Only public photos are considered, private photos as well as other type of material (e.g. videos) are not accounted for.
[[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6536164|DOI]] [[https://github.com/frmichel/flickr-statistics|github]]

===== Open source Software Development =====

=== Along with Open Data, Open Source software is a key pillar of Open Science, promoting transparency, reproducibility, and collaboration by making code freely available, shareable, and adaptable to support robust and verifiable research. ===

**Gen²KGBot – Generic Generative Knowledge Graph Robot**: Yousouf Taghzouti, Franck Michel, Tao Jiang, Louis-Felix Nothias, Fabien Gandon (2025). [[https://github.com/Wimmics/gen2kgbot/|Github]]

**Q²Forge – End-to-end pipeline to generate (question, SPARQL query) pairs for a given Knowledge Graph**. Yousouf Taghzouti, Franck Michel, Tao Jiang, Louis-Felix Nothias, Fabien Gandon (2025). [[https://github.com/Wimmics/q2forge|Github]]

**ISSA visualization and search web application**: Franck MICHEL, Youssef Mekouar (2022).
Visualization: [[https://github.com/issa-project/web-visualization/|github]] [[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10450607|DOI]]. Backend: [[https://github.com/issa-project/web-backend/|github]] [[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10450633|DOI]]

**ISSA Processing Pipeline**: Anna Bobasheva, Franck MICHEL (2022).
[[https://github.com/issa-project/issa-pipeline|github]]
[[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10376913|DOI]]

**WheatGenomicsSLKG visualization and search web application**: Franck MICHEL, Youssef Mekouar (2022).
Visualization: [[https://github.com/Wimmics/wheatgenomicsslkg-web-visualization/|github]] [[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10514502|DOI]]. Backend: [[https://github.com/Wimmics/wheatgenomicsslkg-web-backend|github]] [[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10514504|DOI]]


**SPARQL Micro-Services: Querying Web APIs with SPARQL**. Franck Michel. 2018.
[[https://github.com/frmichel/sparql-micro-service|github]]

**Morph-xR2RML: MongoDB-to-RDF translation and SPARQL rewriting**: Franck Michel, Freddy Pryiatna. Implementation of the xR2RML mapping language for MongoDB databases. 2017.
[[https://github.com/frmichel/morph-xr2rml/|github]]
[[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16547|DOI]]

**The VO Administration and operations PORtal (VAPOR)**. Franck Michel, Flavien Forestier. 2014.
[[https://wiki.egi.eu/wiki/VT_VAPOR|web]]
[[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10276|DOI]]

**EGI Virtual Organisations Support Tools**. Franck Michel. 2013.
[[https://github.com/frmichel/vo-support-tools|web]]
[[https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10276|DOI]]

**NeuroLOG platform**. Alban Gaignard, Franck Michel, Johan Montagnat, Javier Rojas Balderrama, Farooq Ahmad, Bacem Wali. 2008.
[[http://neurolog.i3s.unice.fr/|web]]


===== Background and Position =====
  * **CNRS Research engineer (IR)**, [[http://univ-cotedazur.fr/|Université Côte d'Azur]], [[https://www.cnrs.fr/|CNRS]], [[https://www.inria.fr/|Inria]], [[http://www.i3s.unice.fr/|I3S]] laboratory. Jan. 2011 until now.
  * **PhD in Computer Sciences** at [[http://univ-cotedazur.fr/|Université Côte d'Azur]], March 2017. [[https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/cel-01585312|Manuscript]]
  * **Expert software engineer** in IRISA team [[https://team.inria.fr/visages/|VisAGeS]], May 2008 to Dec. 2010
  * **Expert telecom engineer**, company [[http://www.fr.capgemini.com/secteurs/media/|Capgemini Telecom, Media Networks]], 1999 à 2008
  * **Development engineer**, company [[http://www.nortel.com/|Nortel Networks France]], 1995 à 1999
  * **Engineering degree** in Computer Sciences, [[http://www.insa-rennes.fr|INSA de Rennes]], 1995

===== Organizing and Program Committees =====

I was/am a member of the program committees for the following conferences and/or workshops:

  * [[https://2024-eu.semantics.cc/|SEMANTiCS 2024]], 20th International Conference on Semantic Systems
  * [[https://www.ecai2024.eu/|ECAI 2024]], European Conference on AI
  * [[https://2024.eswc-conferences.org/|ESWC 2024]], The Extended Semantic Web Conference
  * [[https://www2024.thewebconf.org/|The Web Conference 2024]], The Extended Semantic Web Conference
  * [[https://2023-eu.semantics.cc/|SEMANTiCS 2023]], 19th International Conference on Semantic Systems
  * [[https://2022.eswc-conferences.org/|ESWC 2022]], The Extended Semantic Web Conference
  * [[https://https://kg-construct.github.io/workshop/2022/|KGCW 2022]], Third International Workshop on Knowledge Graph Construction
  * [[https://mosaicrown.github.io/scg2021/|SCG 2021]], First workshop on Squaring the circle on graphs
  * [[https://https://kg-construct.github.io/workshop/2021/|KGCW 2021]], Second International Workshop on Knowledge Graph Construction
  * [[https://2021.eswc-conferences.org/|ESWC 2021]], The Extended Semantic Web Conference
  * [[https://www.iccs-meeting.org/iccs2020/|ICCS 2020]], The International Conference on Computational Science
  * [[https://ijcai20.org/|IJCAI 2020]], 29th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
  * [[https://2019.semantics.cc/|SEMANTiCS 2019]], 15th International Conference on Semantic Systems
  * [[http://kgb-workshop.org/|Knowledge Graph Building]] (KBD), workshop of the Extended Semantic Web Conference 2019 (ESWC)
  * [[https://www.hyperagents.org/|Hypermedia Multi-Agent Systems]] (HyperAgents 2019), workshop of the Web Conference 2019
  * [[https://project.inria.fr/ekaw2018/|EKAW 2018]],  21th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management
  * [[https://2018.semantics.cc/|SEMANTiCS 2018]], 14th International Conference on Semantic Systems
  * [[http://iswc2018.semanticweb.org/|ISWC 2018]], 17th International Semantic Web Conference
  * [[http://blogs.napier.ac.uk/iccs/|ICCS 2018]], 23rd International Conference on Conceptual Structures
  * [[https://www2018.thewebconf.org/|WWW 2018]], The Web Conference 2018
  * [[http://iswc2017.semanticweb.org/|ISWC 2017]], 16th International Semantic Web Conference
  * [[https://2017.semantics.cc/|SEMANTiCS 2017]], 13th International Conference on Semantic Systems
  * [[https://www.irit.fr/ICCS2016/|ICCS 2016]], 22nd International Conferences on Conceptual Structures
  * [[http://inforsid.fr/Biarritz2015/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/SIIA2015.pdf|SI&IA 2015]], Systèmes d'Information et Intelligence Artificielle 2015

I was/am a member of the organizing committees for the following conferences and/or workshops:
  * [[https://oaei.ontologymatching.org/2022/|Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative 2022]]: ontology provider for the complex alignment and biodiversity tracks
  * [[https://oaei.ontologymatching.org/2021/|Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative 2021]]: ontology provider for the complex alignment and biodiversity tracks
  * [[https://www.tdwg.org/conferences/2021/session-list/#sym12%20connecting%20biodiversity%20data%20with%20knowledge%20graphs|TDWG 2021 Symposium on Connecting biodiversity data with knowledge graphs]]
  * [[https://fusion.cs.uni-jena.de/s4biodiv2021/|S4Biodiv : 3rd International Workshop on Semantics for Biodiversity]]
  * [[http://devlog.cnrs.fr/jdev2020|JDEV2020 : Journées CNRS du développement logiciels]]
  * [[http://devlog.cnrs.fr/apsem2019|APSEM2019 : écosystèmes pour la science ouverte et recherche par les données]]
  * [[http://devlog.cnrs.fr/apsem2018|APSEM2018 : Apprentissage et sémantique]]
  * [[http://devlog.cnrs.fr/jdev2017|JDEV2017 : Journées CNRS du développement logiciels ]]

===== Wild ideas =====


==== Large Language Models as the components of a conscious AI? ====

AIs, and LLMs in particular, are not conscious. They are reactive systems, they respond to an input by producing an output.
By contrast, consciousness can be defined as the ability to form thoughts for oneself, without the need for external stimulus.

What if we fine-tuned several LLMs to collaborate together, following the model of human psyche.
  * The **"conscious" model** would be fine-tuned to remain in the realm of values, morality, norms, and logical thinking. This is the one that would interact with the "outside" world and provide material to the "unconscious" model. 
  * The **"unconscious" model** (or "subconscious" depending on the definitions) would be fine-tuned to phrase drive, desires, regardless of any norms nor value system. 
  * The **"preconscious" model** would be fine-tuned to filter/rewrite outputs of the "unconscious" to let only acceptable outputs make their way to the "conscious", while also providing it with material in a feed-back loop.

This way, we could imagine being able to design some sort of a conscious AI system. But this raises multiple questions:
How would it be bootstrapped? Individually, each of the 3 LLMs remains a question-answering system, it does not take the initiative of producing an output.
So how to start this, and once this starts, how to control the flow?
If we skip the conscious model (to try and simulate sleep) and leave the unconscious model talk with itself, could it come up with dreams?

==== Frugality by design: less is good ====

Multiple tools of the daily life consume energy and/or resource even though that's not the intend of the user. 
These tools must be redesigned with a specific **bias towards frugality**. 

This can be implemented as a default behavior, as a nudge etc. Examples:

  * Mixer tap delivers heated water by default: In the middle position, most mixer taps mix half ambient temperature water and half heated water. Although users may not need heated water. These should be redesigned with a middle position that only delivers ambient temperature water, so that getting heated water will require a deliberate action from the user.
  * Public space fountain water delivers cooled by default: Fountains in public spaces usually deliver cooled water by default although users may not want that. These should be redesigned with a default ambient temperature water, so that getting cooled water will require a deliberate action from the user.